The Hot Extrusion Process - How It Works And What Are Its Sub-Processes

The extrusion process can be grouped as hot extrusion, warm extrusion and cold extrusion. These three types change in the temperatures to which metals are exposed to and several other factors. To make things clearer, let me start by describing the word extrusion.

What is extrusion?

Extrusion is a process used in metals to transform them into different forms. The final products are then employed in several industries such as automobile and aircraft companies. The process of transforming the metal is carried out by pressing it into a series of dies until the required shape is attained. Machineries and tools that come in different sizes and functionalities are used in order to do things faster and more successfully.

What is hot extrusion?

Hot extrusion can also be known as hot working. It is the technique where a piece of metal is deformed or melted by using heat higher than its recrystallization temperature.

Hot extrusion may involve many sub-processes and they are drawing, forging, rolling and rotary piercing.

In drawing, tensile forces are used to expand a metal. You could do any of the given drawing types: sheet, bar, tube or wire drawing.

In forging, localized compressive pushes do the job. There are a minimum of seven most common types and they include: drop, roll, press, upset, automatic hot, net-shape, near-net-shape, and induction forging.

In rolling, a pair or series of rolls are used where a metal stock can easily penetrate. Flat, ring, and foil rolling are simply three of the common rolling processes used currently.

In rotary piercing, smooth tubing that has thick walls is formed. This procedure has two kinds: the Stiefel process and the Mannesmann process.

What are the advantages of hot extrusion over the various other extrusion methods?

Some of the benefits of doing hot extrusion are the following:

1. The material created via hot extrusion is more ductile than the material produced via other processes.

2. It is a lot easier to perform hot extrusion because it requires less force and energy.

3. During the warp process, the pores seen in the metal are reduced in size or are thoroughly closed up.

4. Because this process is done at quite high temperatures, chemical inhomogeneities are curtailed or are totally eradicated.

But, just like other factors in this world, hot extrusion also has disadvantages. Here are some:

1. There might be unwanted reactions that may effect from the exposure of the metal to the atmosphere of the environment.

2. You may need to acquire costly machineries like an induction heater or a diesel furnace.

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